Intercultural Communication

Intercultural Communication Free Online Research Papers The achievement of individual and expert connections relies upon the adequacy of intercultural correspondence. Working with clients and accomplices from various societies can be testing and requires a lot of expertise. Intercultural ability limits the potential dangers when associated with worldwide undertakings. The powerlessness to convey between societies can bring about shame, disarray, and offense. Intercultural Communication happens between people with various social foundations. Social contrasts are reflected in different manners. Verbal language, non-verbal communication, signals, and expressions can take a few implications between numerous societies. Exploration finishes up outward appearances showing feelings are all inclusive yet administers on the utilization of the articulations vary. (Kazdin) Intercultural strife for the most part results from miscommunication or misconception, which is the reason intercultural relational abilities are significant. This paper will endeavor portray a situation where intercultural correspondence creates struggle or turmoil and offer systems to maintain a strategic distance from future clashes. Portrayal of the Communication Issue John, a New Orleans local, is moved after Hurricane Katrina. He is new to the city of Houston, Texas, and Patricia is the primary individual he meets. In spite of John’s solid emphasize weird utilization of words, she thought he was a decent person. Patricia needed to request that he rehash things more that once and saw that he alluded to the walkway as a feast (boycott ket), and he needed to realize what the cheeseburger at McDonald’s was dressed with. Patricia had additionally heard a lot about New Orleans’ culture and was keen on finding out additional. John asked Patricia where she remained. She didn’t see, so he rethought the inquiry posing to where she lived. The two traded numbers and Patricia vowed to show him around the city the next day. John inquired as to whether it is wrong to call her that night. Patricia allowed John to do so on the grounds that she was really intrigued by John’s discussion. John offers Patricia a call and when she responses, he says â€Å"Good night.† She is confounded, however reacts, â€Å"I trust you have a decent night, moreover. I surmise I will converse with you tomorrow.† Patricia then hangs up the telephone. John is baffled now, since he was calling to proceed with the past discussion the two were occupied with. John at that point ponders whether he called past the point of no return or if Patricia was keen on conversing with him, and he was uncertain whether he should call Patricia once more. Patricia asks why John just called to state great night, however she thought it was a decent signal. Conclusion John, having experienced childhood in New Orleans, utilizes the expression, â€Å"Good night,† as a welcome. John was unconscious that by saying this to somebody in Houston, the individual would expect he was bidding farewell. Patricia knew about the term being utilized as a discussion finishing and didn’t comprehend John’s aims. Patricia didn't know about truisms and terms utilized in New Orleans, on John didn’t realize that such saying took on very surprising implications when utilized somewhere else. Correspondence is communicated through a person’s social foundation, in this manner, varies among people. Through correspondence, ethnic, social, and expert characters are reflected. A person’s personality is more that how an individual is name, however how the individual demonstrations and responds within the sight of like and not at all like people. Ineffectually imparting in intercultural circumstances can be harming to relationship building. Societies have various originations and thoughts of what is proper. Non-verbal communication and individual space should likewise be thought of. Language is the most significant component in intercultural correspondence and the utilization of language decides the adequacy. Capability is a significant factor when correspondence happens between two individuals of various social foundations. Trust, mindfulness, regard, and genuineness are expected to build up the essential aptitudes to convey diversely. Skill isn't something that can be adapted effectively, ability is a procedure that requires practice and tolerance. Regardless of whether a possible client or companion, correspondence assumes a job in the destiny of the relationship. â€Å"Constructive and dangerous intercultural refereeing relies upon numerous components. One of the key elements is the capacity to apply adaptable relational abilities in overseeing both culture-based and individual-based contrasts. Useful intercultural refereeing is characterized as the utilization of culture-delicate relational abilities to deal with the procedure of contention profitably and arrive at significant objectives of all gatherings agreeably. On the other hand, ruinous clash implies the gatherings are taking part in rigid reasoning and unyielding clash designs that lock them into delayed patterns of protectiveness and shared disappointment prompting acceleration or absolute impasse.†(Ting-Toomey, 1999) Resolution of contention necessitates that gatherings are careful is the commitment of an alternate methodology. Gatherings should likewise share a shared objective and be happy to try different things with peace promotion abilities. Improvement Strategies Maintaining a strategic distance from expansive and cliché explanations is a significant procedure in staying away from intercultural correspondence struggle. One ought to never expect that the idea and activities of all individuals from a social gathering will be the equivalent. Utilization of racial or social generalizations can affront individuals from that race or culture. Ethnic cleverness is likewise unsuitable on the grounds that this can be seen as bias or segregation. One should likewise know that adages, expressions, and articulations vary in societies, regardless of whether the person in question is curious about with the various implications. People ought to listen mindfully, still if difference emerges, and focus on motions, tones, developments, and different types of correspondence. In an assorted, multicultural society, residents should be delicate and learned about semantic and social differences.(Kottak Kozaitis, 2003) By expanding mindfulness about various ethnic or phonetic foundations, the possibility of culpable or causing somebody to feel separated abatements. Albeit most Americans communicate in English, the language isn't constantly addressed a similar degree so cautious thought must be taken when speaking with others of various social foundations. Powerful correspondence is the key component in building fruitful individual or expert connections. Building up the aptitude expected to speak with individuals from various social foundations can be a troublesome undertaking. Figuring out how to discuss viably with individuals from various societies can assist one with avoiding strife, disarray, and shame. References Answers.com. Recovered April 5, 2009, from answers.com/subject/culturally diverse Reference book of brain science, Vol. 2. Kazdin, Alan E. (Ed); pp. 357-359. Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association; New York, NY, US: Oxford University Press. 502 pp. Gumbo Pages (n.d.). A vocabulary of New Orleans wording and discourse. Recovered April 5, 2009, from gumbopages.com/ Harvey, M., Griffith, D. (2002). Creating compelling intercultural connections: The significance of correspondence procedures. Thunderbird International Business Review, 44(4), 455-476. doi: 10.1002/tic.10029. Kottak, C.P., Kozaitis, K.A. (2003). On Being Different: Diversity and Muticulturalism in the North American Mainstream (second ed.). New York: McGraw Hill. The Daily Resource for Entrepreneurs (2009). Inc.. Recovered April 3, 2009, from inc.com/reference book/intercultural-communication.html The Mid-Atlantic Equity Consortium (). Utilizing culturally diverse correspondence to improve connections. Recovered April 5, 2009, from maec.org/ Chime Toomey, S. (1998). Conveying across societies. New York: Guilford Press. Examination Papers on Intercultural CommunicationAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementHip-Hop is Art19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andThree Concepts of PsychodynamicIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalCapital PunishmentNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This Nice

Help Me With My Research Paper

Help Me With My Research PaperHelping your child with his or her research paper is part of the task of parenting. There are many great resources for helping kids work on their homework and prepare for college.A research paper should not be hard to write and it should not be hard to read. A simple guide will help your child get started. As soon as you sit down to write the first draft, take some time to read and listen to the research that is already available for your child. You can use the textbook and reading list found in many colleges to help your child prepare.Students work to study, not just read. Write notes about what they have learned so that when they are done, they will know what questions they need to ask. Help your child come up with questions of their own.The Internet is a great source for finding tips, ideas, and examples about how others have approached their assignment. Most sites allow you to make a copy of your paper or quiz that others can answer. All it takes is a few minutes each day to browse through the answers posted by other students. You might be surprised at what others have discovered to help them with their own research papers.Encourage your child to read and think about the topic of the research paper. You want to help your child understand the writing style and the content before they start working on it. The best way to do this is to talk with your child about what he or she reads or hears about the topic.Homework can be hard. Your child should be given help in many ways. For example, you can help him or her brainstorm for answers to the research paper by asking them to draw from their imaginations. If your child has questions about his or her project, discuss the problems with him or her and help them work through them.Try to schedule some free time for yourself or your child so that you can continue your study. Many children find that spending some time away from the computer helps them relax and prevent burn-out. Homework is part of the process of learning, so it is important to develop good habits.As your child works on his or her research paper, keep in mind that the time you spend studying and preparing is as important as the time spent on the paper itself. Make a commitment to your child and his or her studies. If your child wants to be home before bedtime, help him or her to read or work through homework on their own time.

Dehydration Effect On Human Tissue :: essays research papers

The human body comprises of gigantic measures of various tissues and oranges, all doing various things. It’s unavoidable that these tissues need a lot of vitality to keep up wellbeing and to remain beneficial. At the point when the body experiences a starvation, it responds to the absence of food by a wide range of starvation embrace strategies. At the point when the body goes into an absence of water, there is next to no it can do yet stop the creation of pee and sweat.      The human body comprises a mass of 80% water give or take five percent. Water is in numerous types of nature. There are three types of water as the types of water, ice and warmed fume noticeable all around. Water otherwise called H2 O goes about as a significant segment in plasma, liver capacity, and the guide of the lymphatic arrangement of the human body.      When the body doesn't eat, numerous things go into influence to assist you with remaining alive during a starvation. They are: your hormones; glucose diminishes to make you tired while saving vitality and your digestion procedure diminishes to make your hold fat from the food you do eat. It will take around three weeks to pass on from starvation when not expending food. The normal individual ought to expend around 1800 calories per day.      When the human body goes with out water the entire framework will begin to shutdown. Without water the liver will quit sifting blood and cause kidney’s to fall flat. Likewise cell exercises will stop on the grounds that the water goes about as a change stage for supplements going all through the cell. After the water is gone, cells can not get by for all the more then three days.      The cell during an absence of water goes in to a condition of â€Å"suspended animation† which is the point at which all phone forms delayed down. The mitochondria delayed down and decrease the creation of vitality shaping materials. In plant cells the chloroplast quits reacting to light and the vitality of the cell at that point eases back down and goes predominant. Lack of hydration Effect On Human Tissue :: expositions investigate papers The human body comprises of gigantic measures of various tissues and oranges, all doing various things. It’s inescapable that these tissues need a lot of vitality to keep up wellbeing and to remain gainful. At the point when the body experiences a starvation, it responds to the absence of food by a wide range of starvation support strategies. At the point when the body goes into an absence of water, there is next to no it can do however stop the creation of pee and sweat.      The human body comprises a mass of 80% water give or take five percent. Water is in numerous types of nature. There are three types of water as the types of water, ice and warmed fume noticeable all around. Water otherwise called H2 O goes about as a significant segment in plasma, liver capacity, and the guide of the lymphatic arrangement of the human body.      When the body doesn't eat, numerous things go into influence to assist you with remaining alive during a starvation. They are: your hormones; glucose diminishes to make you tired while monitoring vitality and your digestion procedure diminishes to make your hold fat from the food you do eat. It will take around three weeks to kick the bucket from starvation when not expending food. The normal individual ought to devour around 1800 calories every day.      When the human body goes with out water the entire framework will begin to shutdown. Without water the liver will quit separating blood and cause kidney’s to come up short. Likewise cell exercises will stop in light of the fact that the water goes about as a change stage for supplements going all through the cell. After the water is gone, cells can not get by for all the more then three days.      The cell during an absence of water goes in to a condition of â€Å"suspended animation† which is the point at which all phone forms delayed down. The mitochondria delayed down and decrease the creation of vitality framing materials. In plant cells the chloroplast quits reacting to light and the vitality of the cell at that point eases back down and goes prevailing.

Child Development Research Paper - 275 Words

The Role of Parenting in Childhood Development (Research Paper Sample) Content: Childhood DevelopmentNameInstitutionThe Role of Parenting in Childhood DevelopmentAll children go through a serious of developmental stages (infants, toddlers, preschoolers, middle childhood, young teens, teenagers and adolescents) from infants to adults. The development of such aspects as physical, emotional and social occurs during the developmental stages (McCartney Phillips, 2004). The role of parenting takes the first place in childhood development because parents are those people who should provide support and encouragement. Moreover, they should remain the best teachers throughout life. The primary role of parents is to expose a child to appropriate challenges in order to develop necessary abilities and skills.Lots of parents believe that parenting should go naturally and that parent education programs are unnecessary. These parents often claim that their parents didnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬t resort to any parent education and brought up smart children. However, in fact, p arenting is a very complicated process that requires a prior preparation. In other words, successful parenting, perhaps is the most challenging and rewarding task on the planet. Some parents are not able to develop their children into successful adults due to the lack of knowledge or experience. Therefore, all parents should know all aspects of child development in order to better understand all complexities and challenges of parenting and be able to handle with them. In this case, parenting classes or workshops are useful since they can help to receive valuable advices on child development and effective parenting techniques.A few people would start a complicated task without some training or education. For example, similar to parenting, building a house is considered to be a complex task. It requires substantial knowledge. Thus, to start building a house without the necessary knowledge is not a wise idea, as well as to start raising children without learning the essentials of paren ting. Acquiring the necessary knowledge about child development and parenting styles and techniques will increase the chances of successful parenting. According to statistics, the majority of Americans have a low-level knowledge of typical developmental stages. Parents who know the basics of normal child development and understand the fundamental elements of parenting can choose appropriate behavior-modification techniques for particular age groups and apply them in practice. These parents do not make such gross mistakes as the majority of those who have not been educated on parenting because they understood the essential role of parenting in childhood development. For example, experienced parents know that blaming a child for misbehavior cannot help to stop it.PreschoolersA child between 2-5 years is called preschooler (Neaum, 2010). The child involves from an awkward toddler into a curious explorer during preschool years. This developmental stage is also called the Wander Years. E ach child gains new experience at own pace. Some children go ahead in their development, and others may lag behind. Learning what is typical for children of a certain age can help parents to raise their kids successfully and early reveal deviations. Being a parent of a preschooler is both exhausting and exhilarating. All parents feel mixed emotions. Learning effective parenting techniques is an important part of improving parenting skills. The Wander Years is the time when children learn how to control emotions, mind and body and how to engage with the world. Therefore, parents should take into account emotional, cognitive, physical and social aspects of child development in order to lay a fertile foundation for the entire childhood.Parenting StylesAlthough each parent has own parenting techniques, psychologists have distinguished three major parenting styles: authoritative, authoritarian and permissive (McCartney Phillips, 2004). Most experts claim that authoritative parenting wo rks best both for children and parents. Collaboration is the basis of this parenting style. Parents negotiate problems with their children and try to find a solution together. In other words, they encourage two-way communication. Authoritative parents raise self-confident children who able to respect others and demonstrate a high level of self-control. Furthermore, kids raised by authoritative parents are less rebellious and more goal-oriented than those raised in other parenting styles. An essential element of the authoritarian style is an immediate obedience. Authoritarian parents have a strict code of conduct. They enforce their rules through yelling and spanking. Children have no opportunity to speak their mind. As a result, kids obey because of fear. These children possess a range of self-esteem-related problems. Permissive style does not stipulate a lot of rules. Parents allow their children almost all they want. These children become aggressive, impulsive and self-indul gent.Parenting TechniquesKids between 2-5 years only start acquiring their habits. It depends on the parents whether their children become naughty or turn into organized and self-disciplined individuals. Responsible parents resort to a variety of parenting techniques. For example, parents who adopt an everyday schedule with regular bedtime and meals to their preschoolers know that this will... Child Development Research Paper - 275 Words Child Development (Research Paper Sample) Content: Name:Professor: Course:Date:The Role of Parents, Peers and Community in Childhood and Adolescent DevelopmentDevelopment of an individual from infancy, childhood, all through adolescence to adulthood is influenced by various factors. Some of these factors influence the individuals behavior and shape his or her character. Parents and siblings nurture the child in the primary socialization category. School and the teachers are also involved at this stage. In the adolescence period, the individuals undergo secondary socialization. This is when new people start influencing his or her behaviors. Adolescents join peer groups and also pay more attention to the social media, hence acquiring new behaviors. Other factors such as emotional developments also influence the way individuals grow and develop. This paper seeks to analyze the role of parents and peers in childhood and adolescent development (Bukatko and Daehler 476-506). It also seeks to unveil their influences and comp are their contribution.Parents influence almost all the aspects of development in a child. Firstly, the parenting styles used to bring up a child influence its development. Decent parenting skills ensure wellbeing of a child and its social mobility. Parents have a crucial role especially in the educational activities they offer to the children at the early stages of development. Parents ought to have a good home learning atmosphere so as to aid in childhood developments. Another vital role is the need for parents to have good relationships among themselves. This should also be extended toward their children so as to nurture them in a good manner. Parents should also be fully involved in what the children do in the household. Parent involvement is very crucial as the childs cognitive ability thrives. Parents also have a role in ensuring that the child is in good health. Here, obesity is mainly watched out and tackled at an early stage if it appears. The major factor that parents shou ld observe is setting up a good example towards the children. Parents have a duty to strive and be good role models to their young ones. If a parent is a good role model, the child tries to emulate the goodness, hence healthy moral development. Peers also have a role in supporting children in childhood development (Campbell 230). Another demanding task for the parents in childhood development is interaction. Interaction ensures that a trusted relationship is established, therefore, perfect development. Parents should also have good emotional identification. This helps the child realize the world and the things in it, the ones that are good and those that are bad and harmful. Family stories should also be narrated to children by both peers and parents. Positive stories help raise a childs esteem.Peers also influence childhood development. A child is defined by the United Nations as any individual below the age of eight years. As every child develops, he or she tends to make friends a nd form social groups. Here, younger children tend to imitate the behaviors of the older ones, hence their childhood development process is altered (Ladd 49). Peers aid the children in teaching them new vocabularies and socializing them into the larger society.Another stage in the development of an individual is during adolescent period. At this period, adolescents require a new way of handling them and the parents also aid in the development. Parents have a duty of establishing a supportive relationship with family member and other friends. This gives the adolescents a sense of having a supportive family, hence they will have a positive transition and development. Parents also have a duty to monitor the adolescents and ensure that they disclose what is in their minds. Monitoring ensures that the parents keep track of the adolescent as disclosure aids in realizing daily activities and notice any deviation. Parents are also tasked with respecting the sense of autonomy in their adoles cent children as well as ensuring that their information is well kept. Parents have a duty to realize the beginning of adolescence and expect change of behaviors. Conflicts are a common scenario during this stage and parents should know how to tackle them in most cases.Peers also play a significant role in shaping an individuals personality. At adolescence, peer groups are easily formed and shape the adolescents to face different life happenings. Peers and peer groups help adolescents in getting along with other people. This enables children to develop the necessary social skills and also realizing the dos and the donts. Peers also allow individuals to embrace moral values especially with parental guidance. Peers now have a chance to learn the required socio-cultural roles. They set their ambitions and life goals at this stage and a good peer group supported by parents works well to shape the adolescents. Peers facilitate better achievement of personal independence in various forms such as emotional support, social support, physical support and intellectual support (Levesque 75-101). The peers also set a good ground for experimentation with different identities and varying experiences. Here, peers develop sense and also maintain and practice many cognitive and communicative roles.In the past, an assertion emerged that friends played a bigger part in the development of an individual than the parents. I tend to support this stand mainly because children interact with their peers more than they do with their parents. This is a classic example of peers influence during adolescence where adolescents detach themselves from their parents. If an individual meets a peer group that is morally insane and joins it, the parents would do little to stop the individual. This does not wholly suggest that parents do not offer to their children, it means that friends and peers influence the development of individuals more than parents.The community is also a major contributor to the development of a child. The adjacent community determines the development of an individual. A child who is born and grows up in a harsh environment can grow to be a deviant. For instance, a community that has many deviants such as villains, drug dealers and addicts poses a poor environment for rising up children. Families and the communities influence the development of children and affect their development to full potential. The type of available food and nutrition in the society influences the growth and development of individuals.A technologically advanced society also determines the kind of education offered to the children. Technology b...

The Lottery By Shirley Jackson - 887 Words

When I first started reading â€Å"The Lottery† a short story by Shirley Jackson, I thought it was about when the lottery, as we know it today, first originated. After reading the entire short story I couldn’t have been more wrong. It reminds me of the popular book series and movie franchise called The Hunger Games. Even though, I am taken aback by the ending I am not completely surprised, because of the era this story took place in. Had this lottery taken place in today’s modern society in the United States, it would be completely outrageous and horrifying. As soon as I started reading the short story I knew that it took place over a century ago as Jackson presented the community as being a small farming village of 300 people. Winning the lottery is supposed to be a great, thing met with excitement and celebration, which is why in the beginning of this story I felt like it was about today’s lottery. The writer wrote about the town’s people ga thering together with the children laughing and playing, the men telling jokes, and the women gossiping. These are not the actions of people during a somber event. When the young boys of the village were gathering smooth round stones I thought they were going to be used to go skip stones at the local swimming hole when the lottery concluded, again I couldn’t have been more wrong. The people in the story did not seem horrified or scared about what was about to happen, so neither did I. Mrs. Hutchinson laughed with Mrs. DelacroixShow MoreRelatedThe Lottery, By Shirley Jackson1195 Words   |  5 PagesOn the surface, Shirley Jackson’s short story, â€Å"The Lottery,† reads as a work of horror. There is a village that holds an annual lottery where the winner is stoned to death so the village and its people could prosper. Some underlying themes include: the idea that faith and tradition are often followed blindly, and those who veer away from tradition are met w ith punishment, as well as the idea of a herd mentality and bystander apathy. What the author manages to do successfully is that she actuallyRead MoreThe Lottery by Shirley Jackson757 Words   |  4 Pagessucceed but many fail just like the main character Tessie Hutchinson in Shirley Jackson’s short story â€Å"The Lottery†. When someone hears the word â€Å"lottery†, he or she may think that someone will be rewarded with prize. But â€Å"The Lottery† By Shirley Jackson is different than what one thinks. In the story, a lottery is going to be conducted not like Mega Million or Powerball one play here. In the story, the person who wins the lottery is stoned to death instead of being rewarded with the prize. TessieRead MoreThe Lottery By Shirley Jackson931 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1948 Shirley Jackson composed the controversial short story â€Å"The Lottery.† Generally speaking, a title such as â€Å"The Lottery† is usually affiliated with a n optimistic outlook. However, Jackson’s approach is quite unorthodox and will surely leave readers contemplating the intent of her content. The story exposes a crude, senseless lottery system in which random villagers are murdered amongst their peers. Essentially, the lottery system counteracts as a form of population control, but negatives easilyRead MoreThe Lottery By Shirley Jackson1504 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson In The Lottery Shirley Jackson fills her story with many literary elements to mask the evil. The story demonstrates how it is in human nature to blindly follow traditions. Even though some people have no idea why they follow these traditions. The title of the story plays a role in how Shirley Jackson used some literary elements to help mask the evils and develop the story. The title â€Å"The Lottery† serves as an allegory. When people think of the lottery majorityRead More`` The Lottery `` By Shirley Jackson894 Words   |  4 Pagesshort story â€Å"The Lottery†, author Shirley Jackson demonstrates Zimbardo’s concepts in three different areas: Authority figures, Tradition and Superstition, and Loyalty. The first concept Jackson portrays in â€Å"The Lottery† is the authority figures. Jackson indicates that the lottery is being held in the town center by one authority figure, Mr. Summers, annually on June 27th. Every June 27th, without fail, townspeople gather in the town square to participate in the annually lottery even though mostRead MoreThe Lottery, By Shirley Jackson1510 Words   |  7 PagesShirley Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery† illustrates several aspects of the darker side of human nature. The townspeople in Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery† unquestioningly adhere to a tradition which seems to have lost its relevance in their lives. The ritual that is the lottery shows how easily and willingly people will give up their free will and suspend their consciences to conform to tradition and people in authority. The same mindless complacency and obedience shown by the villagers in Jackson’s story are seenRead MoreThe Lottery By Shirley Jackson8 11 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Lottery† was published by Shirley Jackson. The story was true expression of Jackson’s genuine thoughts about human beings and their heinous competence in an annual village event for corn harvest . First, her used to word symbolized main point of the story. Second, Jackson was inspired by few historical events happened in the past and a life incident in her life. Lastly, She was able to accomplish the connection between historical and biographical with the story. Therefore, Shirley Jackson’sRead MoreThe Lottery By Shirley Jackson934 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson signifies the physical connection between the villagers and their unwillingness to give up their tradition. â€Å"The Lottery† is very unpredictable and quite misleading. The black box has no functionality, except every June 27th. Shirley Jackson depicts the black box as an important and traditional tool. Although the villagers in â€Å"The Lottery† are terrified of the goal of the lottery and the black box, they are unwilling to let go of the tradition. Shirley Jackson portraysRead MoreThe Lottery by Shirley Jackson799 Words   |  4 Pagesthe mood and to foreshadow of things to come. The Lottery by Shirley Jackson is a story in which the setting sets up the reader to think of positive outcomes. However, this description of the setting foreshadows exactly the opposite of what is to come. In addition, the theme that we learn of at the end leads us to think of where the sanity of some human beings lies. The story begins with the establishment of the setting. To begin, Shirley Jackson tells the reader what time of day and what time ofRead MoreThe Lottery by Shirley Jackson1764 Words   |  7 Pagesfilled with excitement and eeriness, leaving the reader speechless. The Lottery , a short story written by famous writer Shirley Jackson, created an uproar on June 26, 1948, when it was published in the magazine The New Yorker (Ball). The gothic thriller, set in an unknown time and place, shares the tradition of a small town, a little larger than three hundred people, in which a drawing is held once a year. In this â€Å"Lottery,† each family’s husband draws a slip of paper from a black box. The husband

Case Study Starbucks And Second Cup - 3253 Words

Corporate Social Responsibility Audit Report on Starbucks and Second Cup SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO: Daljeet Grewal Wendy Thompson Harmesh Kaushal Navneet Kaur Rajinder Kaur Contents Introduction 2 Issues of coffee industry 2 CSR Priorities and Policies of Starbucks: 2 Objective Analysis of Starbucks 2 Recommendations for Starbucks 2 CSR priorities and policies of Second Cup 2 Objective analysis of Second Cup: 2 Recommendations for Second Cup: 2 Personal statements 2 Introduction We have chosen two companies of†¦show more content†¦Health and energy drinks are becoming competitors of coffee industry. Poverty, child labour, low wages, long working hours, no employments benefits and illiteracy caused by coffee industries in coffee growing communities due to increased demand of coffee farmer’s children are involved to do work hard with their parents to earn more and also remain illiterate. 2. Environmental issues:- Due to increasing demand of coffee, farmers use agrochemicals on coffee plantation to increase productivity of coffee that will impact the quality of coffee as well as cause health problems and pollute environment. High production of coffee causes deforestation because coffee growing countries require too much land to grow coffee more to fulfill the demand of coffee. Plastic cups used for serving tea and coffee will increase wastage while they use recycling. Bad agricultural methods and techniques lead to soil erosion. Genetically modified organisms (GMO’s) cause risk for other plant species and consumer health problems. 3. Economic issues: - Coffee pickers don’t receive minimum wage rate for example in Guatemala, the minimum wage of coffee pickers are $3 per hour. Even middle man pays less than the market price to them. It impacts the income of farmers and cause unemployment, poverty, child labour and illiteracy in that particular coffee growing country. It affects GDP and per capita income of country. Industries operations get effected by

Music Business Management Essay free essay sample

Management Sometimes thought of as the single most Important person In career of artiste. A good manager can expand an artistes career to Its maximum potential a bad one can rocket an artist to oblivion. What they generally do is most of the things the artist either cant be bothered to do or doesnt know how to do they do these things usually in exchange for a percentage of the artists earnings, this is called commission. A few of the roles of the typical manager include Helping with career decisions which record deal? Which publishing deal? How much etc.?Helping with he creative process selecting a producer, deciding which songs to perform/record, selecting photographers or band members etc. Promotion by hyping to everyone helping co-ordinate publicity campaign, etc. Assembling and heading professional team introducing lawyers, business managers and agents, etc. overseeing their work. Coordinating tours by working with agents to make the best deals. Hounding the record company of the artiste coordinating record company advertising and marketing campaign for artistes records making sure these are treated as priorities by the record company, cringles and parallels. Generally being a buffer between the artiste and the outside world. Managers typically get between 15% and 20% of artists gross earnings with the majority earning 15%. However, during touring this means more than you might think. If the artist is a band with five or more members, the managers 15% could easily be more than any members share. First issue is the managers percentage. Most try to keep it to 1 5%, although some managers might argue that the risk of taking on a new act Is worth 20%. It Is possible to arrange the deal so that It starts at 20% then changes to 15% after a certain time or when a certain amount has been earned. Sometimes managers earn a percentage of net as opposed to gross, which is better for the artiste. Net deals sometimes mean the manager will ask for limits on expenses. So for example a manager might agree to be paid on net tour proceeds, but that the expenses on the tour cant exceed a percentage of the gross. With absolutely huge superstars, the manager might Just be on a salary with no percentages. This salary can run Into six figures! It Is sometimes possible to exclude or reduce certain earnings. For example, the manager might get 15% of touring money but less of the artistes song writing royalties, maybe even none of it.If a manager is excluded from certain monies you cant expect him/her to work in this area. Some monies are customarily deducted before working out the managers cut non-commissionaire. It is a good idea to spell these out in the contract to make sure. Recording costs money paid by the record company for recording should not have a cut In for the manager. They are not really earnings, they just pass through the artistes hands to the studio. Money paid to the producer Same as above. Tour support this is money paid by record company to offset losses from touring.Commissioning tour support is controversial and some managers think t should be commissionaire, but most will agree that it is loss compensation and therefore UN-commissionaire. Costs of collection. If an artiste has to sue someone to get paid, the cost of suing should be deducted before making the managers cut. Pay a support act, this is not commissionaire as it merely passes through the artistes hands. The average term of management is generally three to five years. An artist Ants this to be a short as possible, the manager wants it to be as long as possible.Most common compromise is to say that if the artist doesnt earn a certain amount, e or she can terminate the agreement early. Or it can be set up as a shorter deal Inch carries on if certain earning target are reached. Even after the term has ended, say after five years, the contract might say that the manager continues to earn some commission after the term has finished if theyre generated under contracts entered into or substantially negotiated during the term. This means; 1 . As to records made during the term, the manager gets a commission from sales after the management deal has ended. 2.The manager is paid on records made after the term of the deal if he records are recorded under a recording contract signed during the term. This means the manager could be getting paid long after the term has finished, however there are ways to prevent this, known as clauses. There are a few measures to cut back on after term commissions these are. .. 1. Records The manager gets paid only on records recorded and released during the term and not on any others. This is best for the artiste. (b) Half commission after the term. 2. Publishing The manager is paid only on songs recorded and released during the term.This is best for the artiste. (b) The manager gets half commission on songs recorded after he term. Agents Agents usually operate somewhere between the artist (or the artists manager) and the promoter. Agents take on a number of artists and try to sell their live act to promoters, in return for a commission from the artiste on the earnings from the live Nor acquired. When promoters are looking for acts to use for promoting live events it is agents who they will turn to for the high earning potential acts. The responsibilities of the manager include most of those of an agent, I. E. Eating work for the artist, however the agents responsibilities are much narrower. Upon the appointment of an agent personal live appearance becomes his or her responsibility. Managers will a substantial amount of time with the artist, working with the act and the music, etc. , whereas the agent will deal with live work enquiries. The power of an agent largely concerns the roster of clients, all of which may have different managers. One person acting as both agent and manager will not have time to take advantage of all the opportunities which can be generated through the broader contacts of a separate and independent manager. The agent is always employed by the artist, although he may be chosen and appointed by the manager. An artiste has an agent to take advantage of specialized knowledge and contracts. Employment is obtained by him for the artiste, in return for a commission (10-15% of gross), being a percentage of gross earnings of the artist arising from all personal appearances of the artist during the agents exclusive contract period, and within the agents exclusive territory, whether or not generated by the agents efforts. The agents main responsibilities are to seek out and negotiate contracts for personal appearances Ninth promoters.No contract should be committed to without the artists approval. Artist at that time. Market values may change, such as where booking and its fee are confirmed for a date some way in the future, and in the meanwhile a record by the artiste gets into the charts. An experienced agent who has studied the development of the artiste, and who is fully informed of hid record release schedule, can Judge his future to take advantage of potential increases in market value. The scope of an agents authority to act on his own initiative depends on the agreement.An agent cannot commit the artiste to fulfill any engagement unless he has the authority to do so. The artiste may get an adverse reputation with promoters, unless the agent is able to act with some authority to negotiate contracts with the minimum of delay. Ere artiste should be fully consulted, and should see and sign each performance contract prior to being committed. The more successful the artiste, the more impractical it may become due to the lack availability while touring, recording or holidaying. The artiste may delegate the signing of appearance contracts to his agent, subject to prior approval by the artists manager. There are generally 3 things Inch are needed in order for something to be regarded as a gig or concert or night; an ARTIST, a VENUE, and a DATE. Along with these essential ingredients there are a host of others which will vary in importance from event to event. These are: PA or sound equipment, lights, tickets, fliers and posters, etc. Ere idea of promoting a band and style of music that the promoter enjoys has always been one of those leading philosophical, ethical and moral questions often discussed in music circles.It is seen partly as a duality with little compromise, or at times, it has been seen as an extravagant loss-leader for the promoter. If profit is the main motive the promoter should be led by market forces and punter needs rather than personal asset and choice. Personal choice is a temptation you must overcome if making enough money to continue promoting is your aim. The institution of personally based band promotion decisions have resulted in the demise of many concert promoters and promotion companies, especially in an economic climate where the promoter has to be very careful about the economic viability of each attempted promotion.When selecting a band in each different musical genre, the same rules apply. A great deal of thought and research should go into the final decision of whether to promote a band or not. The decision has to be based on several key factors. Has the band been around long enough to have built up an audience large enough to sustain a tour of the length planned? Is the band at present a new club favorite? Has the band attained a cult status? Or make value Judgments, the promoter must first find out as much information as possible. This will come from the agent, record shops, other promoters and the music press.The type of information needed by you, as a promoter, includes the number of dates planned for the tour. If only 5 dates are planned, or there is only one, and the band is reasonably popular, it may not matter to much about a reduced local fan ease. This is because if only a few dates are planned, an audience will travel to see the band in question. Linked with this is the amount of publicity are receiving at the present time. You need to establish whether the current publicity will be sufficient in the run up to the concert to ensure a capacity audience.If the band have already built up a large following, you should ascertain whether or not too many dates on the may include some areas on close proximity to the venue in which your promotion is taking place. This may mitigate against their audience coming to your promotion. If his is the case then further negotiations with the agent may be necessary to ensure; that your concert is the only one in the area that there are not too many dates on the tour. Record Contracts If it is impossible to negotiate on these matters then another band or venue are alternatives.Although they do vary and have got more and more complicated in recent years, record contracts have a basic character. Essentially the record company agrees to advance an artiste an amount of money, and some royalty payments on the sale of the artistes records once the advanced sum has been recouped from the artistes earnings. It is a bit like a tax free loan which must be paid back if the artiste is successful. In return the artiste has to produce a number of acceptably high quality recordings during the period of time the contract runs for.The contract could run for as long as 5 or 7 years, but will contain an option clause meaning that the record company has the choice of whether to keep the artiste on or not every year or so. Every time the record company keeps the artiste on it has to pay another advance. Most contracts are structured so that advances and percentage royalty points increase with each new contract period. This implies that the record company must achieve a degree of success to make it commercially viable to retain an artiste and pay out further royalties.In principle this is to safeguard against a company which might sign and retain an artiste on an exclusive contact without investing in them. Ere company is placed in a position where it is financially committed to an act, so it can either work to establish that artiste and generate a return on investment, or it save money and free the artiste from the contract to go elsewhere. The days of excessively exploitative contracts are by no means over, but they have now become less widespread as the music industry has consciously attempted to cultivate a more professional image.It has become standard practice for contracts to stipulate that the artiste must have received professional legal advice before signing. Most of the m ost exploitative contracts are offered by small, inexperienced, or Just incompetent companies involved in signing poorly advised acts. Artistes are now accredited with being more commercially minded and aware of what the contractual relationship Ninth a record company entails. Artistes are also surrounded by business advisors, lawyers, accountants, who may engage in some quite sophisticated signing strategies.Recording contracts appear to be the most desirable ambition of most musicians. They are extremely difficult to get, and arguably, at best only of limited benefit to the artiste. One of the first things which must be sorted out before a recording contract is agreed is whether or not the artiste has had any contracts in the past which still have an effect on his/her career. The artist must warrant that there are no such restrictions. The record company should try to find out if the artiste recorded music under an old contract which was never released. When negotiating contracts artists should make sure there are no skeletons in the cupboard from old contracts, particularly with respect to unreleased material recorded during that contract. The new record company will need to know about any other contracts and company needs to know whether there were undelivered recordings under a previous contract because; The old record company might release material from that contract if an artiste begins to be well known under the new one.This could cause some damage with respect to the reputation of the artiste by the marketing of an old album which was not released at the time because it was not good enough; royalties on the old album may be less than the new contract and the artiste can do nothing about it if the contract was not adequately terminated. ; the release of the old album may coincide with the release of a new one which may prejudice the marketing and promotion of the new one even though the old record company will benefit greatly from the advertising done for the new record; The old record might be a completely different style to the new one.All recording contracts are exclusive. The concern of an artist with a record company in which he does not have complete confidence is that it may not release his recordings or promote his records to his reasonable satisfaction. In this case the artiste does not have the right to find another company to do the Job, unless things are so bad that the lack of company effort amounts to a breach. The wording of contracts makes it so that the record company has all rights to all recordings of the artist during the period of contract for the purpose of making an selling records.This means even recordings which the company do not release. Exclusivity clauses are drawn as widely as possible, but must take into account other activities of the artiste, for example an acting career, or a theatre stage show career in which a stage show album may be recorded by a company other than the main company in this case there would be arrangements made for an override royalty for lending the artiste for the recording. Royalties are calculated as a percentage of the retail price of the record after making certain deductions. Some record companies have based their rates on wholesale price.Those calculated on wholesale tend to be one and a half and double those done on retail price. Retail price is recommended as being more reliable and impartial than publisher sealer price (wholesale). It is also very difficult to work out royalties from actual selling prices as they vary too much. The usual deductions from the retail price are taxes (VAT and sales tax) and the costs of the packaging of the product. The deductions should not include payments to third parties, such as copyright royalty payments which may be deducted from the gross fee before being divided between artiste and company.

We Can Write About 8 Business Functions Essay and Send a Sample Essay Example

We Can Write About 8 Business Functions Essay and Send a Sample Essay For those students who need to prepare 8 business functions essay, we can offer reading this post. Here you will not only learn how to complete such essay writing articles but get useful information regarding the content of your future paper. An essay about eight business functions is just as difficult as researching the most complicated scientific paper. Steps in Writing a Business Essay If you follow several simple steps, you will see how easy this task can be. Here you will find the most useful recommendations good quality paper. Research the topic Before you start writing about business functions, you need to investigate the topic. In this article, you can find some basic information on theory. However, your task is to specify each function separately to make the paper focused on one theme. It takes time to research, but the result will be amazing. Don’t forget to take notes by mentioning the source name and page. This tip will help you at the last stage of preparing works cited page. Structure your work We will write a custom essay sample on We Can Write About 8 Business Functions Essay and Send a Sample specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on We Can Write About 8 Business Functions Essay and Send a Sample specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on We Can Write About 8 Business Functions Essay and Send a Sample specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Structure of your essay does mean a lot. It shows how the author understands the topic. Also, it is the way you show your thoughts. They should be coherent, cohesive, and logically connected. If you open a simple text which has not subheadings, listings, or enumeration, you may think that the author doesn’t know the topic and writes everything chaotically. To avoid this mistake, you need to prepare an outline with an introduction, main body, and conclusion. Use a big poster with colorful stickers as a help. This will help you see the essay for real. Then it will be easier to start writing the text itself. Edit and proofread When the article is complete, you need to spend some more hours or even days on perfecting it. Sometimes students give this task to writing services (like paperap.com). However, if you have lots of free time, proofread your paper alone. It can be boring because this process is painstaking. If you edit the essay correctly, your teacher will hands-down put you a good grade. What are Eight Business Functions If you haven’t studied at the university the theory about the similarities and differences between 8 business functions, we will clarify it here. Now you don’t need to research this topic for hours. We have shortened the main information to make it simple for students. Fixing and reproducing This function processes through the system of standards of behavior of members of business organizations, a certain culture of relations. In each society, there are business structures that meet certain social standards and requirements. The social control allows maintaining the stability of these structures, prevents chaos and spontaneous redistribution of resources, which saves society from social upheaval and ensures its development. The function of regulation of relations between members of society Business permeates all spheres of human life and thus affects the cultural life and activities of people. Any event in a persons life, for example, a move, a vacation, a wedding, and others, are regulated not only by individual wishes of a person, but also the existing goods in the social system of service, commodity exchange, etc. Due to this, each person in a certain society fulfills the role of requirements-expectations and knows what to expect from the people around, which is necessary for the joint activity. The function of integration This is one of the main functions that ensure the survival of any business by coordinating the efforts of employees and units, the implementation of power, the development of the structure. The implementation of this function is carried out through the following conditions: consolidation of efforts; mobilizing each employee to achieve their goals; the correlation of the personal goals of the business group participants with the goals of the colleagues and the group. The function of the transfer of business experience Each country has a unique code of honor for a businessman, traditions of trade, production, service that connect one generation with another generation. Also, it provides for the flow of new people into the business. The method of transferring this experience is due to cross-cultural differences which is the very essence of business. Thus, complex secrets of production, calculations, methods of profit, legal norms of relations with other social institutions interconnect. It processes during the long-term vocational training of economists, entrepreneurs, managers of production, which is carried out in high schools or secondary schools. The function of information dissemination and control Each business organization needs the dissemination of information within the business institute, which is needed to manage and monitor compliance with the rules and regulations of this organization, as well as the ability to compete with other organizations. In addition, it needs to interact with other institutions that can act as consumers of products and services, advertisers, potential partners, etc. Latent business functions This aspect reflects the complexity and specificity of the individual psychology of the entrepreneur, and the people around him o consumers of goods and services. Sometimes, in spite of the fact that explicit business functions are performed poorly (there are no clear norms and rules, distribution of roles, interactions, etc.), it continues to develop successfully. This is possible if there are hidden functions that meet the needs of certain groups. Here you can pay to do essay! 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ACT Test day tips

SAT / ACT Test Day Tips - What to Do to Prep the Night Before the SAT / ACT SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips It's finally here! Your SAT / ACT is this Saturday! We atPrepScholarwant to make sure yourtestday goes well, so here are some tips.Feel free to forward this to your friends if you think it's helpful! Dealing with Pre-ACT / SAT Nervousness and Anxiety It's inevitable that you'll feel a little nervous before the test. After all, this is an important test. However, you definitely don't want to get into your own head. The best way to combat nervousness is to evaluate all the work you've done. If you've been working hard with a prep program, you'll already be way ahead. You'll know exactly what kinds of questions are going to appear, you'll know what your strengths are, and there will only be few surprises. Furthermore, if you're a junior or younger, it's likely that you'll have many more chances to take this test. Even if you don't do as well as you'd like on this test, you'll be able to take it again. Don't get nervous during the test, either. It's easy to get flustered when you get stuck on a question, or get a string of questions that you can't answer.This is how the ACT and SAT are designed.Theywantto trip you up like this so you start making mistakes. So don't let them win–don't get nervous. It's hard to predict how you're doing on the test overall based on a few questions. What's important is that you stay strong throughout the entire 4-hour test. Imagine yourselfcrushingthe ACT / SAT. Positive thoughts directly improve performance. The Day Before the ACT / SAT The day before thetest, you generally want to be relaxing. Sure, take some time to study lightly - review flashcards or lessons - but as a rule of thumb, don't study more than 2 hours. Instead, spend some time doing relaxing activities (think long bath, not intense video games). Also, make sure you get enough sleep, at least 7 hours but no more than 9 hours.This might mean getting to bed one to two hours earlier than normal, and letting your natural sleep cycle take over. Wake Up Early Set your alarm clock for two hours before thetesttime.If you want, set another backup clock for 5 minutes later.Your brain takes up to two hours to fully wake up, and you don't want to be starting theteston a cold engine. Do some jumping jacks to get the blood flowing, and then take a shower to be clean for thetest.Eat a full breakfast high in complex carbs like whole grain cereal or toast and low in sugars like maple syrup.Follow your normal coffee routine if you don't drink it most days, then you shouldn't today either. Wear Comfortable Layered Clothing Today's not the day for fashion.Wear practical clothing in layers, so you can take off layers if the room is too warm, or put more on if it's cold.A good set is t-shirt, pajama pants or jeans, sneakers, and a sweatshirt. Make Sure You Have Everything, Including Snacks What you need: your printed admissions ticket, multiple number 2 pencils, an raser, your photo ID, a calculator, a watch, a bottle of water, and a snack (I recommend a granola bar or trail mix). Put everything in a bag or your backpack the day before, so you have zero surprises the morning of the test. Warm up with a Few Problems If time allows before your test, try two problems from each section just to get used to doing problems. Get those juices flowing. Test Center Best Practices: Get there early, and focus on yourself Get there early aim to be there at least fifteen minutes earlier than the recommended time.You don't want the panic that comes with getting to your test late. Use Google Maps to find directions the day before, and if you're not driving yourself, make sure you and your driver (often a parent) coordinate on your schedule. When you get to the test center, you might see your friends. Say hello, but don't linger to chat. Often you'll make each other more nervous. Instead, say "I'd really like to focus now, let's chat after the test?" It might be weird in the moment, but you don't need distractions. Take the Breaks About halfway through, even if you don't feel the need to, take a break to use the restroom, drink a sip of water, and down your snack.You'll thank yourself later. Like this? Subscribe to our blog on the right hand side on top to get more great tips about what to do after you get your score back! Other links you might like: Future SAT Test Dates What to do in case you get a low SAT / ACT score Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Walmart and Employee Job satisfaction Research Paper

Walmart and Employee Job satisfaction - Research Paper Example Therefore, it has become a challenge for the human resource department and the management to make sure that the employees of the organization are motivated so that they are able to produce good results for the organization. This paper is about Wal-Mart which employs more than 2,000,000 employees all over America. The organization is facing employee has been facing employee dissatisfaction and low morale among its employee in several states in which it has its retail outlets. Employees are not happy with Wal-Mart because they say that it does not treat its employees. Workplace morale is essential for productive performance which is crucial for a company to succeed, but pitiable management results in unconstructive attitudes and performance at work (Sherman & Chappell, 1998). Low Morale Employees are frequently absent and do not like to come to work because they suffer from low morale because they feel that Wal-Mart is not appreciative of their hard work and their intense efforts at th e workplace. This absenteeism has caused undue pressure on other employees who have to do the work of two or three persons without any tangible benefits. Wal-Mart employees are not properly trained or empowered to handle the extra work and pressure which has caused low morale in most retail outlets (Latimer, Hempson, & Kendrick, 2011). Low morale of employees at Wal-Mart has caused employees to squabble and fight among themselves. Moreover, management of the Wal-Mart has not been successful in addressing this problem because they too lack the training to implement fair dispute resolutions. Despite Wal-Mart’s claim of 86% employee satisfaction, the attitude, body language and work performance of the employees do not substantiate this claim (Niesing, 2008). Low Wages Although Wal-Mart is one of the largest retailer’s in the world, its employees are among the lowest anywhere in America. Because of very low salaries and benefits Wal-Mart employees occasionally organize foo d drives for themselves as their extremely low wages create great hardships, and they are unable to meet expenses. Naturally when employees cannot make ends meet and are under constant financial pressure, then morale takes a nosedive. Morale had been quite low at Wal-Mart since the 1970’s when prices of all essential items registered a very sharp rise (Feenstra, 1998). Because of the low wages at Wal-Mart, the employees are forced to get government assistance in the form of food stamps and other subsidies. The wages paid by the corporation are not enough for even a single person to support himself, so it is not possible that a typical Wal-Mart employee could support a family without government assistance (Goetz & Swaminathan, 2006). Forbidden to form Unions Forming of Unions is explicitly forbidden for the employees for collective negotiations of their demands. Wal-Mart has issued statements that 86% of its employees are quite satisfied and happy with their jobs. If this is a fact, then Wal-Mart should allow the formation of unions without aggressive management interference. . When seeking employment at any retail outlet, the applicants are well aware of the fact that even discussion about unionization can get them instantly terminated. Despite this, with all the criticism that people have about the organization, it is an established fact that for any Wal Mart store that

Alfred Stieglitz's Photograph of Marcel Duchamp's Fountain Term Paper

Alfred Stieglitz's Photograph of Marcel Duchamp's Fountain - Term Paper Example The paper "Alfred Stieglitz's Photograph of Marcel Duchamp's Fountain" focuses on analysis and research about Alfred Stieglitz's photograph of Marcel Duchamp's Fountain art work. Stieglitz placed the ‘Fountain’ at the viewer’s eye level, brought it close, and magnified its presence. He further rotated it slightly on its axis to set up just a touch of tension, and lighted it from above such that it looks dramatically isolated against its setting yet also veiled, moody and mysterious. Duchamp’s ‘the Fountain’ is viewed through the eyes of Albert Stieglitz. The photograph is white in color that is made of the spectrum of colors. It is made of porcelain which is a polished/breakable material. Stieglitz took an ordinary object, gave it meaning by positioning it in such a way that its useful significance was overshadowed by the new one with a new title and a new point of view, thus creating a whole new thought for that object. Alfred Stieglitz life s panned from 1864 to 1946. Stieglitz was the most respected photographer of his time, and he fought for the recognition of photography as a valid form of art. He is one of the figures who revolutionized the American photography. Luminous-Lint finds it hard to imagine the direction that photography would have taken without the involvement of Stieglitz. He was a promoter of other people’s works, illuminating them with his photo works. The ‘Fountain’ was brought to 291, and when it was there it was photographed by Stieglitz who was greatly amused by Duchamp’s ‘Fountain’.

Learning environment Essay Example for Free

Learning environment Essay â€Å"The environment we are in affects our moods, the ability to form relationships and the effectiveness in work or play, even our health. † (Bullard, 2006). In effectively educating children an educator must build a foundation that has a stimulating environment which includes the inside and outside areas, classroom design and decor size. The outdoor learning area must be one that is organised in a way that promotes exploration and investigation of the elements of nature which includes planting trees and flowers, as well as nature stations where children can observe the different insects. On the other hand is the classroom design which also endorses discovery along with cooperation among peers. The centres should be spacious that enables free movement where group gathering can take place, as well as the different materials and manipulative that are easily accessible to children in the different learning areas in facilitating their knowledge. But however not only that, but as well as decor size which pertains to using child size toys, tools and furniture in the classroom that eliminates children from asking for assistance from adults, as well as allowing them to feel empowered by not requesting of their help. In providing a stimulating environment like the one that was now described would allow children to actively participate in their learning. This is so because the surroundings therefore cater for â€Å"appropriate ways in developing the vital skills, the knowledge and a positive attitude to learning in the individual needs of each child. It is based on â€Å"guiding children to observe, question, discuss, listen, manipulate, feel, investigate and develop the ability to think creatively and independently. This is defined as Active Learning. In discussing the importance of the active learning environment above which includes the inside and outside areas, classroom design as well as decor size that promotes active learning, this paper would now focus on one such area that is assessed in the internal environment, meaning a learning centre that needs to be enhanced, as well as strategies used for improvement to reflect my curriculum goals. Description of the Learning Centre that needs to be Improved While children were in the indoor setting of the classroom I took time to sit and observe what exactly was happening at each of the different centres. While monitoring I noticed that most of them were at the diverse learning areas excluding the language centre which had only about two (2) children who took a short amount of time interacting within that area. The other centres were very attraction as they had many tangible objects that children can interact with, whereas the other had old objects that were very unattractive and discoloured. Most of the materials were posters that were stuck to the wall which were there for a very long time, in turn making it appear distasteful and unappealing. In the language centre it therefore created a barrier that enabled children to further promote their language development as there were an insufficient amount of materials that catered for it. In addition, that learning centre did not cater for the children as it did not promote active learning, because as stated earlier when a centre has materials and manipulatives that are easily accessible to children it therefore facilitates their learning as it guides them to observe, engage and grasp different concepts in a simpler way. But however, there were no materials that held the attention of the children that they can become involved with; hence it developed a barricade for the active learning process to take place. When comparing the centres I have found that this is a situation that needs to be put back into working order immediately, because â€Å"language is an important skill that allows a person to communicate. † (Brannagan, 2010). It is a significant skill that is crucial in a child’s life as they use it to adequately exchange information with others in a meaningful way, as well as understanding the uses of reading and writing and becoming successful early readers and writers as it determines a successful future for them. In contrast, if this particular skill has a delay it can create complications in communication with others. This therefore can build frustration within the child since it may lead to miscommunication about what he/she is trying to convey. This is why it is important for me as an educator to address this matter quickly, so in turn children can have the opportunity to interact within that said learning centre and not only in the others, as they would gain better knowledge by coming into contact with materials and experiences that are provided for  them by adults, hence making it easier to make sense of the world around them, as well as influencing their rate of growth. This process is referred to as The Constructivist Theory in which the philosopher Jean Piaget believed that children’s learning is an active process where there is interaction between the person and the environment. This improvement of the Language Centre would be effective as it will continually provide active learning within all the centres in the classroom without the segregation of one. My Curriculum Goals within the Language Centre As stated by the National Early Childhood Care and Education Curriculum Guide in the strand Effective Communication â€Å"language and literacy play a critical role in the development of children’s thinking, learning and communication. To develop into successful, contributing adults, children must learn to be effective communicators and masters of their official language. † (Ministry of Education , 2005) With this being said my curriculum goals within the Language Centre are taken from the National Early Childhood Care and Education Curriculum Guide. The goals are as follows: ? A growing awareness that speaking is an effective way to communicate thoughts, ideas and views. ?A growing awareness that print (common signs and symbols) conveys meaning. ?An increasing understanding of some symbols, language patterns, letter sound relationships to predict, confirm or make meanings from using their hundred languages, which includes multimodal texts. ?Develop ways to experiment with conventional letters, word signs and symbols to convey meaning. ?Understanding of the relationship between letters and sounds. Develop ways to explore how symbols and written and visual texts are used to communicate meaning. ?The ability to derive and convey the meaning of common signs and symbols (exit signs, area labels etc. ) in the various environments (school, home, community. ) ? A love for listening to and retelling familiar stories, as well as a desire to â€Å"read† on their own. Learn new vocabulary and extend language to communicate and negotiate ideas and plan for activities. Strategies used for Improvement in the Language Centre Letters are all around us! Therefore using environmental prints stuck to the wall in the language centre such as signs, labels and logos can be of great assistance in accomplishing some of my stated goals in developing children’s reading skills. This was stated by Colorin Colorado as an influential method in making the connection between letters and first efforts to read. It discusses how adults can make these techniques interesting to a child’s learning in talking about letters, words and print. The article suggest that in taking advantage of cereal boxes, as they are colourful to facilitate learning in which they can request for the child to find the first letter of his/her name on the box which assist in letter recognition as well as when going on a car trip. This results in children making the explicit link between letters and sounds. Another strategy the article further suggests that can be utilized, is about the use of technology in taking digital pictures of signs such as â€Å"exit† or â€Å"do not enter† to create a book for children to promote his/her reading skills. Environmental print provides lots of opportunities for kids to interact with letters, sounds, and words. † After reading â€Å"Colorin Colorado† 2010 it is concluded that not only can you facilitate children’s learning in the classroom but using the environment prints that surround us everyday can be of grand assistance. As stated by the U. S Department of Education 2011, Phonological Awareness and Training assist in the development of preschool language and literacy. The article defines Phonological Awareness as the ability to detect or manipulate the sounds in words independent of meaning whereas phonological awareness training is the means of involving various training activities that focus on teaching children to identify, detect, delete, segment, or blend segments of spoken words (i. e. , words, syllables, etc. ). In the language centre I can provide picture cards along with letter cards as well so that children can make the distinction between sounds and their letters as they are able to match the letter sound card to their pictures. Other materials may include ABC books, magnetic letters, alphabet blocks and puzzles as well as alphabet charts. It has a positive effect because it’s easier in learning alphabet letters as well as the letter sound knowledge that enables them to add letters together to form words and in turn add words together to form sentences; in addition it also provides the knowledge of print awareness and early reading abilities; Incorporating Interactive and Dialog Reading declared by the U. S Department of Education 2011 refers to the adult reading stories to the children. When teachers repeat the reading’s of favourite books it enables children to become familiarized with the books that will allow for independent reading as well as utilizing different techniques to engage children in the text, while dialog reading is the term used when the adult and child switches roles where the child now becomes the storyteller and the teacher the listener and assistance of the child. Dunst, Simkus and Hamby 2012 says â€Å"Engaging young children in retelling stories read to them by parents or teachers is a strategy that is often used to promote story-related comprehension and expressive vocabulary. This article similar to the one mentioned above suggest that in reading and repeating stories to the child or a small group of children and therefore engaging them to retell the story in their own words results in the expansion of ideas and their imagination. This becomes effective because Interactive and Dialog Reading assist in oral language and vocabulary development as the teacher may ask open ended questions in engaging the child in verbal elaborations which allow the child to gain knowledge about the meaning of spoken and written words and the development of comprehension skills which caters for early literacy and language development. To further endorse these skills in the language centre that is significant in improving and supporting literacy development the materials that would be provided are lots of good child friendly books that are attractive and prints that deals with class activities e. g. helper charts, toy shelf labels, as well as charts that display good habits etc. Apart from all those strategies mentioned above this one takes a different course. This article written by Howard Phillips Parette talks about the acquistion of Phonological Awareness and Alphabetic Principles through the use of Microsoft PowerPoint. It declares that through Microsoft PowerPoint it can facilitate a child’s phonological awareness because teachers can modify such features such as colour, pictures, sounds, animation, slide design and slide transition. This promotes the acquisition of reading skills and fluency. Whereas, alphabetic principles also known as phonemic orthography which refers to relationships between letters and their associated sounds help young children develop letter-sound correspondence. Using the techniques through technology enables the promotion of comprehension skills, the understanding of the concepts about print as well as the facilitation of vocabulary development. This article is critical as it shows how to assist children in identifying letters and sounds through the use of technology. In being educated about how to incorporate technology in teaching children the acquisition of these skills, I would therefore try my utmost best in providing a computer in the language centre that would be most available to the children, as well as undertaking that strategy of how to teach the children phonological awareness and alphabetical principles on that such computer. How does the Active Language Centre Created reflect my Curriculum Goals? When assessing the language centre before I did my creation it was evident that there were no signs of my curriculum goals, mainly because of the lack of attention I gave to that particular centre and the insufficient amount of materials that were provided to the children in classroom. But however, now when comparing the centre from how it was before to this very moment, I can observe that my curriculum goals are off course reflecting. The reason for this is because it is more attractive in the eyes of the future members of society, as well as the materials that are presented to them mirrors my goals. The materials that were mentioned and described earlier above and that would be offered to them facilitates the particular skills that would be met in the declared goals and that are of great importance to the children, as well as the teacher learning strategies that were undertaken in further endorsing and accomplishing them. Limitations and Innovations In implementing the strategies that were discussed earlier, there was off course one (1) obstacle that was preventing me from accomplishing my entire task. But luckily, there were more innovations than limitations presented. They are as follows:- Innovations – all this were possible with the help and the support of the parents ? I was able to provide lots of books in the language corner that were incredibly attractive to the children. ?The magnetic letters, some puzzles along with many beautiful charts. ?Labels ?Alphabet blocks Picture cards ?Letter sound cards ?Environmental Print e. g. (signs, logos etc. ) ?Together with the children we were able to create the book that includes the different environmental signs. Limitations ?The strategy that was very different from the others which was the incorporation of the computer into the classroom was unable to accomplish due to the expense that it would have implanted. It was hard to achieve, but however after sometime we would be able to achieve it to facilitate the children’s learning. Conclusion In discussing the strategies above that I have undertaken in enhancing the Language Centre in my classroom in reflecting my goals, it has enabled me to realize how unique this learning area is to the children in the environment and to there future. When adults create rich language and literacy environments with the appropriate materials, manipulatives and teacher learning strategies to further endorse the important skills, it boosts the child’s vocabulary along with the use of language, which in turn increases their likelihood of future success.

W.B. Yeats and History Essay -- Poetry Poet Yeats

Yeats in Time: The Poet's Place in History All things can tempt me from this craft of verse: One time it was a woman's face, or worse-- The seeming needs of my fool-driven land; Now nothing but comes readier to the hand Than this accustomed toil. In these lines from "All Things can Tempt Me" (40, 1-5), Yeats defines the limitations of the poet concerning his role in present time. These "temptations" (his love for the woman, Maude Gonne, and his desire to advance the Irish Cultural Nationalist movement) provide Yeats with the foundation upon which he identifies his own limitations. In his love poetry, he not only expresses his love for Gonne, he uses his verse to influence her feelings, attempting to gain her love and understanding. In regard to the Nationalists, he incorporates traditional Irish characters, such as Fergus and the Druids, to create an Irish mythology and thereby foster a national Irish identity. After the division of the Cultural Nationalists, Yeats feels left behind by the movement and disillusioned with their violent, "foolish" methods. He is also repeatedly rejected by Gonne. These efforts to instigate change through poetry both fail, bringing the function of the poet and his poetry into question. If these unfruitful poems tempt him from his ?craft of verse,? then what is the true nature verse and why is it a ?toil? for the poet? Also, if Yeats cannot use poetry to influence the world around him, then what is his role as a poet? As ?All Things can Tempt Me? continues, Yeats addresses this question of role by describing the way he perceived bards in his youth. He speaks of the poet?s song, saying, "Did not the poet sing it with such airs/ That one believed he had a sword upstairs;" (7-8). Thi... ...ory is not a nightmare from which Yeats is trying to awake; it is the very world in which he lives. When he says that if Gonne had understood him he would have ?been content to live,? it is another way of saying that (since she can never understand him) he is not content to live. As a poet, he has undergone a kind of death, rendering him a lifeless observer of the present while becoming an active participant in the past which his poetry explores. Whether he sees this role as a dream or a nightmare, if Yeats ever awoke from history, he would cease to be a true poet and his verse would lose its true meaning. Works Cited Yeats, W.B.. Yeats's Poetry, Drama, and Prose. Ed. James Pethica. New York: Norton, 2000. Ramazani, Jahan. "The Elegiac Love Poems: A Woman Dead and Gon(n)e. " In Yeats's Poetry, Drama, and Prose. Ed. James Pethica. New York: Norton, 2002.

Abb Essay

As a result the front-line profit center managers’ performance is getting affected. * The conflict between long-term technical development and short-term profits is making the situation worse. As per the Business Area’s concern, the COMSYS project should be given priority over other activities as this project, if successfully implemented, would enhance the operations and efficiency of our relays business across the world. However, the development of the project is affecting the daily activities of the company. The problem spilled-over to the regional transmission performance and thus allocation of funds to the project COMSYS (in this case investing in R&D) rises as an important issue to be discussed. * Such an issue increases the difficulty in reaching to a decision. The more time we take in reaching to a conclusion; more will the performance of the company get affected. First of all, we need to ensure that the development of project COMSYS doesn’t affect the operations and performance of the company. Second, we need to allocate suitable resources like funds, workforce etc. or project COMSYS separately. Moreover, from the short-term perspective we need to implement the project as soon as possible as the resources allocated to the project would then be available for daily operations, and from the long-term perspective we would be able to eliminate the compartmentalized framework of the profit centers and thus form a common base of software and hardware. * In the current situation it would be difficult to achieve this goal as the priorities within the organization doesn’t coincide. Project COMSYS is important for long-term development of the organization and, thus, needs sufficient resources for its implementation. I would, therefore, request the committee to take the afore-mentioned points into consideration and carry this discussion forward and helps us to reach to a decision. 2. ABB’s Global Matrix: As mentioned in its annual reports for the year 1988 and 1989, the Chairman(s) has(ve) clearly mentioned about the strategy of â€Å"think global, act local†. Since the merger the ABB group has been following the philosophy of decentralization; its aim to be close to the customer, to have short-lines of communication and decision-making and clearly defined accountability, all are reflected in its matrix structure. The matrix structure was proposed by a 10-person top management so that it enables the group to achieve a balance between its global business focus through its 58 business areas with the market created by the 1300 local companies under the umbrella of several country-based holding companies. The structure focuses on the principles of decentralization and individual accountability with clearly defined responsibilities from business areas heads to regional and front-line profit center managers. The business areas were responsible for carving out strategies while the local companies were responsible for implementing the strategies and achieving the objectives. All the business area heads had additional responsibilities of their national company’s operations. Thus, the overall goal of the top management was to develop managers who can take leadership roles as a result of which â€Å"a self-driven, self-renewing organization† would be formed. One of the main reasons for the success of the matrix structure in ABB was proper communication of the philosophy by the top management to every single employee of the organization. Communicating values to the managers was given priority based on the belief that managers are loyal to values rather than to the company or a particular boss. The core values included quality not only in products but also in the organizational processes and relationships. The management emphasized on dedication to productivity and performance at all levels of the organization. The structure implemented was well in line with the overall strategy of the organization. With rapid acquisitions after the merger ABB grew bigger, spreading its operations throughout the world. The matrix structure, therefore, provided a platform for ABB to absorb the acquired companies and made implementation of its strategies in them easier. One of the important initiatives taken by the top management was to translate the company’s philosophy to specific task requirements for managers at all levels. Throughout the internal restructuring process it was ensured that the organization was not distracted from the market place. Important issues were delegated to teams consisting of front-line managers. The company also had a unique philosophy of resolving of problems wherein the problem, if escalated to the higher level manager, was pushed back to the team to resolve and to reach to a conclusion. This process enabled and enhanced the problem solving capabilities of the managers. In order to implement individual accountability, a transparent reporting system named ABACUS was developed to collect performance data for all the 4500 profit centers in dollar denomination. The business area heads did not stop with just crafting strategies, rather they were personally involved up to some extent in implementing the strategies and policies. The top management, also, was well informed of the daily activities as well as the performance of all its companies. In case any business underperformed, the top management would step in and demand explanation and offer help if needed, thus, giving proper attention to all its businesses. All the above mentioned points explain why ABB was successful with the matrix structures while many could not. Having explained the advantages of the matrix structure, I would like to mention few disadvantages which were prevailing in ABB too. 1. The complex structure with dual hierarchy sometimes leads to confusion and conflicts within the organization resulting in decreased productivity as is visible in case of the COMSYS challenge faced by Don Jans in ABB. . It is sometimes time consuming and delay in taking decision may affect the organization’s performance largely. 3. In such a structure it is difficult to ascertain accountability. The larger the organization, the complex the structure, thus, more difficult is individual accountability. 3. Management roles and responsibilities in ABB and Don Jansâ€℠¢s performance in ABB The management of ABB has been playing a vital role in the post-merger restructuring of ABB. The structure evolved as a pathway for the management to achieve its goal of operating in a global scale. It provides managers the flexibility and autonomy in taking decisions. The management was driven by policies made by the CEO, Percy Barnevik. The frameworks set by Barnevik were well implemented throughout the hierarchy, for example, Barnevik implemented â€Å"7-3 formula† which says that it is better to decide quickly and be right 7 out of 10 times than delaying action in search of a perfect solution. This policy was driven by the principle that the only unacceptable behavior is not doing anything. Under his leadership, the company grew rapidly with numerous acquisitions across the world. Nevertheless, the same philosophy, values were implemented in each of its companies. The matrix structure of ABB defined responsibilities for business area heads to work on the strategy whereas the front-line managers were held responsible for the daily operations of the local company. The managers were provided autonomy to the extent that they had control over their company’s balance sheet such that they inherited their results year to year and, thus, the top management had no say in the decisions regarding their company’s operations. This particular autonomy motivated many managers to perform better and better. As ABB was acquiring companies, it became important for ABB to ensure that the acquired companies imbibed the culture and values of ABB. The management took this as a challenge and ensured this by communicating the strategies and goals of the organization to managers from corporate level to business area heads to country level managers. One such regional manager for the relays division in the Coral Springs, Don Jans, who became part of ABB after the acquisition of Westinghouse in early 1989, had well-received the communication from the head of the ABB’s power transmission segment, Goran Lindahl, where he emphasized on the responsibilities of the local companies to implement the plans and achieving positive results. It was not an easy task for Don Jans and his team from Westinghouse to adapt to the culture of ABB, however, he found the management of ABB much supportive and involved as compared to that by Westinghouse’s. When first exposed to the philosophies of ABB, Don Jans found it to be much different than Westinghouse, where the decisions were taken by the top management, unlike ABB where he had the autonomy of taking the decisions. He found ABB to be much more flexible as the decisions were very much delegated and the organization was result oriented, i. e. he top management continuously monitored results of each of its companies, and would interfere only when the results were not satisfactory. Proper communication of the organization’s strategies to the managers was given importance as they were the ones who were responsible for achieving results. For Don Jans this experience was exhilarating, as he mentions once in a meeting where the corporate managers(for relays business) were presenting to his team â€Å"about how the industry was developing, where ABB wanted to be, how it was going to get there, and so on. †. Such meetings were received in a positive manner as they educated his team about the organization. Moreover, the meeting did not end there, the proposals for investing in relays business by his team were given proper attention, which further encouraged Don Jans to provide better performance. The matrix structure provided Don Jans with the flexibility of operations and taking decisions. Due to which the performance of relays business (of which Don Jans was in charge) had improved. With clear communication from the top management, he was aware of what was required to deliver. He used his experience in the industry to invest in a small-scale in microprocessor relays technologies as he had financial resources at his disposal. He used his freedom to improve the product lines of the relays division by broadening the microprocessor technologies experiment to solid state devices, and thus gave ABB a competitive advantage in the market where other players were taking advantage of the technology. Thus, Don Jans tried to improve the performance of the relays division by leaps and bounds by regular investment in newer and better technologies.